Activator for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ

ABSTRACT

A compound represented by the following general formula (I): 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (wherein R 1  represents phenyl, etc. which can have substituents selected from the group consisting of C 1-8  alkyl, C 1-8  alkyl having halogen, halogen, hydroxyl, etc.; R 2  represents C 1-8  alkyl, etc.; A represents oxygen, sulfur, etc.; X represents C 1-8  alkylene chain, etc.; Y represents C(═O), CH═CH, etc.; R 3 , R 4 , and R 5  each represents hydrogen, C 1-8  alkyl, etc.; B represents CH or nitrogen; Z represents oxygen or sulfur; R 6  and R 7  each represents hydrogen, C 1-8  alkyl, etc.; and R 8  represents hydrogen or C 1-8  alkyl; provided that at least one of R 3 , R 4 , and R 5  is not hydrogen) or a salt of the compound; and a PPAR-δ activator which contains the compound or salt as the active ingredient.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an activator of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor δ.

PRIOR ART

The peroxisome is a small organ present in cells of animals and plants,and its matrix contains various enzymes such as catalases. Variouscompounds such as fibrates, herbicides, and phthalic acid plasticizersare known as peroxisome proliferators which induce proliferation ofperoxisomes.

Isseman, et al. have identified a nuclear receptor which is activated byperoxisome proliferator and called it peroxisome proliferator activatedreceptor (PPAR).—Nature, 347, p 645-650, 1990.

Three subtypes such as PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ have beenidentified.—Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, p 7335-7359, 1994.

The above-mentioned fibrates used as the serum triglyceride (TG)lowering drug can modulates PPARδ activity. Further, thiazolidinecompounds (Troglitazone, Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone) useful in thetreatment of diabetes are also known as ligands of PPARγ.

It is reported that several compounds such as GW-2433 (Glaxo Wellcome),L-165041 (Merck), and YM-16638 (Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical) activatePPARδ. Each formula is as follows:

WO 92/10468 describes that GW-2433 can be employable for prevention andtreatment of atherosclerosis.

WO 97/28115 describes that L-165041 can be employable for treatment ofdiabetes and suppression of obesity.

WO 99/04815 describes that YM-16638 shows effects for reducing serumcholesterol and reducing LDL cholesterol.

Recently, JBC, 272(6), p 3406-3410, 1997 and Cell, 99, p 335-345, 1999describe proposal for application of PPAR δ ligand as an anti-canceragent and an anti-inflammatory agent.

European Patent 558 062 describes the following compound A which has astructure similar to that of the general formula (I) [mentioned below]representing a compound of the invention:

J. Immunol. Methods, 207(1), 23-31, 1997 describes a compound B havingthe following formula:

All of the compounds identified by the compound A, compound B and thegeneral formula (I) of the invention may be described as compounds ofphenoxyacetic acid type. However, there are clear structural differencesbetween the compounds A, B and the compound of the invention. Forexample, the phenoxy group of the compounds A, B has the propyl groupsubstituted with the oxazolyl group or the ethoxy group substituted withthe oxazolyl group, while the compound of the invention has thepropionyl group substituted with the oxazolyl group or the like.Further, the oxazole ring of the compounds A, B has only one of theethyl group or the phenyl group, while the compound of the invention mayhave both of the groups.

In addition, while the above-mentioned EP 558 062 teaches that thecompound A is of value for treatment of hyperthrombinemia and as bloodpressure depressant, no mention is given with respect to an effect asPPARδ ligand.

Further, while the J. Immunol. Methods teaches the use of the compound Bas blood pressure depressant, there is no concrete description to teachthat the compound is effective as PPARδ ligand.

Recently, WO 01/40207 describes a substituted oxa(thia)zole derivativeshowing an agonist action for PPARα, and WO 01/16120 describes anoxa(thia)zole derivative substituted with a biaryl group which isemployable as a PPAR controlling agent.

In comparison with the compounds of the invention, the compound of WO01/40207 has C(═O)NH as X and an alkylene chain bond as Y, and thecompound of WO 01/16120 has an alkylene chain as X and O, X or the likeas Y. Accordingly, the structural difference is clear.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2001, Apr. 24; 98(9): 5306-11, andWO01/00603 describe that the following compound GW-501516 has a highlyselective agonist action for PPARα.

There is a clear structural difference between the GW-501516 and thecompound of the invention, that is, GW-501516 has the methyl group as Xof the present invention, and S as Y.

Further, each of WO 02/14291 (Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd.) and WO02/50048 (GLAXO) discloses a compound having an agonist action ofperoxisome proliferator activated receptor. WO 02/50048 describessynthetic intermediates such asethyl[2-methyl-4-(3-(4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)propanoyl)phenoxy]aceticacid,ethyl[2-methyl-4-((4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)acetyl)phenoxy]aceticacid,ethyl[4-(1-hydroxy-3-(4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)propyl)-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid,ethyl[4-(1-hydroxy-2-(4-methyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethyl)-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid.

The present invention provides a compound having the below-mentionedgeneral formula (I) and a salt thereof, which has an agonist action(action as activator of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor δ.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The invention resides in a compound having the following general formula(I) or a salt thereof:

(wherein R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, quinolyl orbenzothienyl, any of which can have substituents selected from the groupconsisting of C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈alkoxy having halogen, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl,benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, phenyl and pyridyl;

R² is C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl,3-7 membered cycloalkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having 3-7 membered cycloalkyl, orC₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with phenyl, naphthyl or pyridyl, any of whichcan have substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₈ alkyl,C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy having halogen, C₂₋₈alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro,amino, phenyl and pyridyl;

A is oxygen, sulfur or NR⁹ in which R⁹ is hydrogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl;

X is a C₁₋₈ alkylene chain which can have substituents selected from thegroup consisting of C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkoxy and hydroxyl and which cancontain a double bond;

Y is C(═O), C(═N—OR¹⁰), CH(OR¹¹), CH═CH, C≡C, or C(═CH₂) in which eachof R¹⁰ and R¹¹ is hydrogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl;

each of R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl havinghalogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy having halogen, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, phenyl, orpyridyl;

B is CH or nitrogen;

Z is oxygen or sulfur;

each of R⁶ and R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen;and

R⁸ is hydrogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl;

provided that at least one of R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is not hydrogen.

The invention also provides an activator of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor δ, which contains as an effective component acompound of the formula (I) or a salt thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the formula (I), examples of the alkyl groups having 1-8 carbon atomsinclude methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl andpentyl.

Examples of the alkyl groups having 1-8 carbon atoms and a halogensubstituent include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, and t-butylwhich are substituted with 1-3 halogens such as fluorine, chlorine, andbromine. Preferred are trifluoromethyl, chloromethyl, 2-chloroethyl,2-bromoethyl and 2-fluoroethyl.

Examples of the alkoxy groups having 1-8 carbon atoms include methoxy,ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, t-butoxy and pentyloxy.

Examples of the alkoxy groups having 1-8 carbon atoms and a halogensubstituent include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy andt-butoxy groups substituted with 1-3 halogen atoms such as fluorineatom, chlorine atom or bromine atom. Trifluoromethoxy, chloromethoxy,2-chloroethoxy, 2-bromoethoxy and 2-fluoroethoxy are preferred.

Examples of the alkenyl groups having 2-8 carbon atoms include vinyl andallyl.

Examples of the alkynyl groups having 2-8 carbon atoms includepropargyl.

Examples of the 3-7 membered cycloalkyl groups include cyclohexyl andcyclopentyl.

Examples of the alkyl groups having 1-8 carbon atoms and a 3-7 memberedcycloalkyl substituent include cyclohexylmethyl and cyclopentylmethyl.

(1) A preferred compound of the invention is a compound of the formula(I) or salt thereof, in which R¹ is phenyl which can have substituentsselected from the group consisting of C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having 1-3halogen atoms, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy having 1-3 halogen atoms, C₂₋₈alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro,amino, phenyl and pyridyl.

(2) Another preferred compound of the invention is a compound of theformula (I), a salt thereof or (1), in which R² is C₂₋₈ alkyl.

(3) A further preferred compound of the invention is a compound of theformula (I), a salt thereof, (1) or (2), in which R¹ is attached to the2nd position. In the case that R¹ is attached to the 2nd position, R⁴ isattached to the 4th position and —X—Y— is attached to the 5th position,or R⁴ is attached to the 5th position and —X—Y— is attached to the 4thposition.

(4) A furthermore preferred compound of the invention is a compound ofthe formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2) or (3), in which A is oxygenor sulfur.

(5) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compound ofthe formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2), (3) or (4), in which X is aC₁₋₈ alkylene chain.

(6) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compound ofthe formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5), in which Yis C(═O).

(7) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compound ofthe formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (6), inwhich each of R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₈ alkyl or C₁₋₈ alkyl havinghalogen.

(8) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compound ofthe formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) or (7), inwhich B is CH.

(9) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compound ofthe formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) or(8), in which Z is oxygen.

(10) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compoundof the formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7),(8) or (9), in which each of R⁶ and R⁷ is hydrogen or C₁₋₄ alkyl.

(11) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compoundof the formula (I), a salt thereof, (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7),(8) or (9), in which R⁸ is hydrogen.

(12) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compoundof the formula (I) or a salt thereof, in which R¹ is phenyl or naphthyl,each of which can have substituents selected from the group consistingof C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxyhaving halogen, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl,hydroxyl, nitro, amino, phenyl and pyridyl;

R² is C₂₋₈ alkyl;

A is oxygen or sulfur;

X is a C₁₋₈ alkylene chain which can have a C₁₋₈ alkyl substituent andwhich can contain a double bond;

Y is C(═O), CH═CH, or C(═CH₂);

each of R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl havinghalogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy having halogen, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, phenyl, orpyridyl;

B is CH;

Z is oxygen or sulfur;

each of R⁶ and R⁷ is hydrogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl; and

R⁸ is hydrogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl.

(13) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compoundof (12), in which X is a C₁₋₈ alkylene chain.

(14) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compoundof (12) or (13), in which R¹ is attached to the 2nd position.

(15) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compoundof (12), (13) or (14), in which R⁸ is hydrogen.

(16) A still further preferred compound of the invention is a compoundof (12), (13), (14) or (15), in which the substituents of R³, R⁴ and R⁵other than hydrogens are placed at ortho-positions with respect to-Z-CR⁶R⁷CO₂R⁸.

The compound of the formula (I) can be present in the form ofgeometrical isomers such as cis and trans and optical isomers. Theseisomers are included in the compounds of the invention.

Further, the compounds of the invention can be in the form ofpharmaceutically acceptable salts such as alkali metal salts, e.g.,sodium salt and potassium salt.

The processes for preparing the compound of the formula (I) according tothe invention are described below.

[Synthetic Process 1]

[in the formulas, Q is a releasing group such as tosyloxy or halogen(e.g., bromine), and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, A, X, Y, B and Zare those described hereinbefore.

In the above-described process, the compound of the formula (I)according to the invention can be prepared by reacting a phenol orthiophenol compound of the general formula (a) with an acetic acidderivative of the general formula (b). The reaction can be carried outin a solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone in the presence of a base suchas potassium carbonate.

The starting compound of the formula (a), can be prepared by a processsimilar to the below-mentioned synthetic scheme.

[Synthesis Example 1 for Starting Compound in which Y is CO, Z is O]

[in the formulas, n is an integer of 1 to 7, Bn is benzyl, and R¹, R²,R³, R⁴, R⁵, A and B are those described hereinbefore.][Synthesis Example 2 for Starting Compound in which Z is S]

[in the formulas, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, A, B, X and Y are those describedhereinbefore.]

The phenol compound is treated with dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride inthe presence of a base such as triethylamine to obtain adimethylthiocarbamoyloxy compound. The dimethylthiocarbamoyloxy compoundis heated in n-tetradecane or no solvent to obtain adimethylcarbamoylsulfanyl compound as a rearranged compound. Thedimethylcarbamoyl group is treated with NaOH or MeONa to be converted toa thiophenol compound.

[Synthesis Example 3 for Starting Compound in which Y is CO, Z is O]

[in the formulas, m is an integer of 0 to 6, and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, A,B and Bn are those described hereinbefore.]

The acetophenone compound and the aldehyde compound synthesizedaccording to a conventional method are condensed with hydration using abase such as NaOH, KOH, MeONa, EtONa, piperidine in a solvent such asmethanol, ethanol, anhydrous benzene to obtain a α,β-unsaturated ketonecompound. The α,β-unsaturated ketone compound is treated, for examplesubjected to a hydride contact reduction to conduct reduction of theolefin and the debenzylation to obtain the subject compound.

[Synthesis Example 4 for Starting Compound in which Y is CO, Z is O]

[in the formulas, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, A, B, n and Bn are those describedhereinbefore.]

The benzaldehyde compound is treated with a Grignard reagent obtainedaccording to a conventional method in the presence of a solvent such asa ether or THF under the condition of a low temperature to obtain analcohol compound. The alcohol compound can be converted into a ketonecompound by using a Jones reagent (chromium(VI) oxide-sulfuricacid-acetone) or chromium(VI)-pyridine complex (e.g., pyridiniumchlorochromate, pyridinium dichromate). The alcohol compound can also beconverted into the ketone body in the same manner by using DMSOoxidation. Finally, the ketone body is subjected to debenzylation to beconverted into the subject phenol compound.

[Synthesis Example 5 for Starting Compound in which Z is O]

[in the formulas, R^(a) is hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5carbon atoms, and R¹, R², A, X, Y and B are those describedhereinbefore.]

The phenol compound is subjected to an allylation according to aconventional method, and heated (at 150° C. or higher) with no solventor in a solvent such as quinoline to obtain a compound having therearranged allyl group at the ortho-position.

[Synthesis Example 6 for Starting Compound in which Z is O]

[in the formulas, R^(b) is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms,and R¹, R², A, X, Y and B are those described hereinbefore.]

The phenol compound is subjected to an acylation according to aconventional method, and heated in the presence of a Lewis acid catalystto obtain a compound having the rearranged acyl group at theortho-position.

[Synthesis Example 7 for Starting Compound in which Y is CH═CH]

[in the formulas, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, A, B, n and Bn are those describedhereinbefore.]

The phenol compound obtained in the Synthesis example 1 for startingcompound is treated with a reducing agent such as lithium aluminumhydride, sodium boron hydride to obtain an alcohol compound. The alcoholcompound is subjected to dehydration using a halogenation agent, asulfonation agent or a dehydration agent to obtain an olefin compound.

[Synthetic Process 2 (wherein R⁸ is H)]

[in the formulas, R^(c) is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,and R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, A, X, Y, B and Z are those describedhereinbefore.]

In the above-illustrated process for preparation, a compound of theformula (I) (R⁸═H) according to the invention can be obtained by theester compound of the formula (c) is hydrolyzed in a solvent such asaqueous ethanol in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide,potassium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide.

[Synthetic Process 3 (wherein Y is C(═N—OH)]

[in the formulas, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, A, X, B and Z are thosedescribed hereinbefore].

In the above-illustrated process, a compound of the formula (I) (Y isC(═N—OH)) according to the invention can be obtained by reacting theketone compound of the formula (d) with hydroxylamine.

[Synthetic Process 4 (wherein Y is C(═CH₂))

[in the formulas, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, A, B, Z and n are thosedescribed hereinbefore].

The ketone compound (Y is C(═O)) can be treated with methyl triphenylphosphonium bromide in the presence of a base such as t-BuOK, n-BuLi,sec-BuLi, EtONa in a solvent such as a dry ether or THF (according toWittig reaction) to introduce a methylene chain into the compound.

[Synthetic Process 5 (wherein Y is C(═CH₂))

[in the formulas, R¹⁰ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R¹,R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, A, B, Z and n are those describedhereinbefore].

The ketone compound (Y is C(═O)) can be treated with alkyl halide suchas iodomethane in the presence of a base such as t-BuOK, BuLi, EtONa,NaH in a solvent such as a dry ether or THF to introduce an alkyl chaininto the compound at the α-position of the carbonyl group.

The representative compounds of the invention are described below.

(1) Compounds of the Following Formula

Compounds of the formula (I) in which R⁵ is H, B is CH, R⁸ is H, and R¹,R², R³, R⁴, R⁶, R⁷, A, X, Y and Z are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

TABLE 1 A R¹ R² R³ R⁴ R⁶ R⁷ X Y Z S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H HCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂ CH═CH(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Hexyl Me(2) HH H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Hexyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂ CH═CH(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph IsopropylMe(3) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O 14 S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(3) H Me MeCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Pr(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O 18 S(4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Allyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O 24 S (4-CF₃)PhIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH═CH C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me MeCH═CH C═O(4) O S (4-OMe)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(3,5-F)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (3,5-F)Ph IsopropylMe(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-Naphthyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O S 2-Naphthyl Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-Bu)PhIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-Bu)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me MeCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O 23 S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Cl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Cl(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph IsopropylMe(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(5) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂C═O(5) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O Remark:Numeral in ( ) means a position of the group.

TABLE 2 A R¹ R² R³ R⁴ R⁶ R⁷ X Y Z S (4-CF₃)Ph Hexyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH═CH(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Hexyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂ CH₂CH₂(4) O S (4-CF₃)PhHexyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(5) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Ethyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Ethyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-Me)PhIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-Me)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me MeCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S S(4-Et)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-iPr)Ph IsopropylMe(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-t-Bu)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O S (4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-F)PhIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-NO₂)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H HCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-NMe₂)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S S (4-Et)Ph IsopropylMe(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-iPr)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O S (4-t-Bu)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-Cl)PhIsopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-F)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H MeMe CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-NO₂)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(4-NMe₂)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-Cl)Ph IsopropylAllyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O Remark: Numeral in ( ) means a positionof the group.

TABLE 3 A R¹ R² R³ R⁴ R⁶ R⁷ X Y Z O (2-OH,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Allyl(2) H HH CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2-OH,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂CH═CH(3) O O (4-Me)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S O (2,4-Me)PhIsopropyl Pr(2) H Me Me CH(Me)CH₂ C═O(4) O S (2-OH,4-Me)Ph Bu Benzyl(2)H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(3) O NH (2-OH,4-CF₃)Ph Pr Acetyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4)O N-Me (2-OH,4-Cl)Ph Hexyl Cl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (2,4-Me)Ph EtBr(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S S (3,4-Cl)Ph Bu CF₃(2) H Me Et CH₂CH₂ C═O(4)O S (2,4-Me)Ph Hexyl Me(2) Me(6) Me Me CH(Me)CH₂ C═O(4) O S (2,4-Cl)PhBu Me(2) Me(3) H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (2-OH,3,4-Me)Ph Pr Cl(2) Cl(6) H HCH₂CH₂ CH═CH(4) O S (2,4-F)Ph Hexyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ CH═CH(4) O O(3,4,5-Me)Ph Et Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S O (2-OH,3,4-Me)Ph Bu Me(3) HMe Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2-OH,4-CF₃)Ph Phenylethyl Me(2,6) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(3) O O (4-OMe)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) Me(6) H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(2-Cl,4-OPh)Ph Isopropyl Acetyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O NH 1-NaphthylIsopropyl Cl(3) H H H CH₂ CH═CH(4) S N-Me 2-Naphthyl Isopropyl Br(3) HMe Et CH(Me)CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-Quinolyl Isopropyl CF₃(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O NH 8-Quinolyl Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O N-Me3-Quinolyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-Pyrimidyl IsopropylAllyl(3) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O Remark: Numeral in ( ) means a positionof the group.

TABLE 4 A R¹ R² R³ R⁴ R⁶ R⁷ X Y Z S 2-Thyenyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH═CH(4) S S 2-Pyridyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 4-PyridylIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 5-Et-2-Pyridyl Isopropyl Me(2) HH H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 5-Me-2-Pyridyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4)O S 5-Et-2-Pyridyl Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-FuranylIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-Imidazolyl Isopropyl Me(2) HMe Et CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O 2-Indolyl Isopropyl Pr(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4)O O 2-Benzofuranyl Isopropyl Benzyl(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O2-Benzothienyl Isopropyl Acetyl(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S O2-Benzoimidazolyl Isopropyl Cl(2) Cl(6) Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S S(4-CF₃)Ph sec-Bu Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph sec-Bu Me(2) HMe Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isobutyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(4-CF₃)Ph Phenylethyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph IsopropylCF₃(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl CHF₂(2) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═CH₂(4) O Remark:Numeral in ( ) means a position of the group.(2) Compounds of the Following Formula

Compounds of the formula (I) in which R⁴ is H, R⁵ is H, B is CH, R⁸ isH, and R¹, R², R³, R⁶, R⁷, A, X, Y and Z are shown in Tables 5 and 6.

TABLE 5 A R¹ R² R³ R⁴ R⁶ R⁷ X Y Z O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me MeCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O(2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Allyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2-OH,4-Cl)PhIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2-OH,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) HMe Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) SO (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ CH═CH(4) O O (2,4-Cl)PhIsopropyl Me(3) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(3) H MeMe CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═CH₂(4) OO (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═CH₂(4) O O (2,4-Cl)PhIsopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH(Me) C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) HMe Me CH₂CH(Me) C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Cl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Cl(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (4-CF₃)Ph IsopropylMe(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O S (2,4-Cl)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O(2,4-Me)Ph Isopropyl Pr(3) H Me Me CH(Me)CH₂ C═O(4) O S (2-OH,4-Me)Ph BuBenzyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(3) O NH (2-OH,4-CF₃)Ph Pr Acetyl(2) H H HCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O N-Me (2-OH,4-Cl)Ph Hexyl Cl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(2,4-Me)Ph Et Br(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S O (3,4-Cl)Ph Bu CF₃(3) H Me EtCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O Remark: Numeral in ( ) means a position of the group.

TABLE 6 A R¹ R² R³ R⁴ R⁶ R⁷ X Y Z O (2,4-Me)Ph Hexyl Me(2) Me(6) Me MeCH(Me)CH₂ C═O(4) O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Bu Me(2) Me(3) H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O(2-OH,3,4-Me)Ph Pr Allyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ CH═CH(4) O S (2,4-F)Ph HexylPh(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ CH═CH(4) O NH (3,4,5-Me)Ph Et Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂C═O(4) S N-Me (2-OH,3,4-Me)Ph Bu Me(3) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S(2-OH,4-CF₃)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) Me(6) H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(3) O O(2-Cl,4-OMe)Ph Isopropyl Me(2) Me(6) H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O(2-Cl,4-OPh)Ph Isopropyl Acetyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O 1-NaphthylIsopropyl Cl(2) H H H CH₂ CH═CH(4) S O 2-Naphthyl Isopropyl Br(2) H MeEt CH(Me)CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-Quinolyl Isopropyl CF₃(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂C═O(4) O NH 8-Quinolyl Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O N-Me3-Quinolyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-Pyrimidyl IsopropylAllyl(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O 2-Thienyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH═CH(4) S O 2-Furanyl Isopropyl Me(2) H H H CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O2-Imidazolyl Isopropyl Me(2) H Me Et CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O 2-IndolylIsopropyl Pr(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O O 2-Benzofuranyl IsopropylBenzyl(2) H Me Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) O S 2-Benzothienyl Isopropyl Acetyl(2) HMe Me CH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S S 2-Benzimidazolyl Isopropyl Cl(2) Cl(6) Me MeCH₂CH₂ C═O(4) S Remark: Numeral in ( ) means a position of the group.(3) Compounds of the Following Formula

Compounds of the formula (I) in which R⁵ is H, B is CH, R⁸ is H, and R¹,R², R³, R⁴, R⁶, R⁷, A, X, Y and Z are shown in Table 7.

TABLE 7 A R¹ R² R³ R⁴ R⁶ R⁷ X Y Z O (2,4-Me)Ph Hexyl Me(2) Me(6) Me MeC═O(4) CH(Me)CH₂ O O (2,4-Cl)Ph Bu Me(2) Me(3) H H C═O(4) CH₂CH₂ O S(2-OH,4-CF₃)Ph Isopr Me(2) Me(6) H H C═O(3) CH₂CH₂ O O (2-Cl,4-OMe)PhIsopr Me(2) Me(6) H H C═O(4) CH₂CH₂ O S 2-Benzimidazolyl Isopr Cl(2)Cl(6) Me Me C═O(4) CH₂CH₂ S Remark: Numeral in ( ) means a position ofthe group.

The pharmacological effects of the invention are described below.

The PPARδ activating effect of the compound of the invention wasdetermined by the following method:

A chimeric receptor expression plasmid (GAL4-hPPARδ LBD), a reporterplasmid (UASx4-TK-LUC) and β-galactosidase (β-GAL) are transfected intoCV-1 cells by utilizing a lipofection reagent DMRIE-C (LifeTechnologies). Subsequently, it is incubated for 40 hours in thepresence of a compound of the invention or a compound for comparison(L-165041), and then the luciferase activity and β-GAL activity aremeasured on the soluble cells.

The luciferase activity is calibrated by the β-GAL activity, and arelative ligand activity is calculated under the condition that theluciferase activity of the cells treated by L-165041 is set to 100%). Inthe same manner, relative ligand activities to PPARδ and γtransactivation activities are calculated (see the below-mentionedExamples 51, 52).

As seen from Tables 8, 9, the compounds of the invention (Examples 1-50)show an excellent PPARδ activating effect.

As also seen from Example 53 (Table 10), the compounds of the invention(Examples 4 and 10) show an excellent effect of increasing HDLcholesterol.

Apparently, the compounds of the invention having the general formula(I) show excellent PPARδ activating effect. Accordingly, these compoundsare expected to serve as remedy for prevention and treatment of thefollowing diseases: hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, syndrome X,hyperchloresterolemia, hyperlipopreoteinemia, other dysbolismicdiseases, hiperlipemia, arterial sclerosis, diseases of cardiovascularsystems, hyperphagia, ischemic diseases, malignant tumors such as lungcancer, mammary cancer, colonic cancer, cancer of great intestine, andovary cancer, Alzheimer's disease, inflammatory disease, osteoporosis(Mano H. et al., (2000) J. Biol. Chem., 175:8126-8132), Basedow'sdisease, and adrenal cortical dystrophy.

The compound of the invention can be administered to human beings byordinary administration methods such as oral administration orparenteral administration.

The compound can be granulated in ordinary manners for the preparationof pharmaceuticals. For instance, the compound can be processed to givepellets, granule, powder, capsule, suspension, injection, suppository,and the like.

For the preparation of these pharmaceuticals, ordinary additives such asvehicles, disintegrators, binders, lubricants, dyes, and diluents. Asthe vehicles, lactose, D-mannitol, crystalline cellulose and glucose canbe mentioned. Further, there can be mentioned starch andcarboxymethylcellulose calcium (CMC-Ca) as the disintegrators, magnesiumstearate and talc as the lubricants, and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC),gelatin and polyvinylpirrolidone (PVP) as the binders.

The compound of the invention can be administered to an adult generallyin an amount of 0.1 mg to 100 mg a day by parenteral administration and1 mg to 2,000 mg a day by oral administration. The dosage can beadjusted in consideration of age and conditions of the patient.

The invention is further described by the following non-limitingexamples.

EXAMPLES Example 12-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1)3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one

To an ice-cold THF (5 mL) was added 60% sodium hydride (97 mg, 2.42mmol). Subsequently, a solution of ethyl2-[(3-methyl-4-benzyloxy)benzoyl]acetate (757 mg, 2.42 mmol) in THF (4mL) was dropwise added for 30 minutes. The mixture was allowed to roomtemperature, and then stirred for 30 minutes. To the mixture was added4-iodomethyl-5-isopropyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)oxazole (960 mg, 2.42mmol). The resulting mixture was refluxed for 20 hours under nitrogenatmosphere, and allowed to room temperature. THF was removed underreduced pressure. To the residue was added acetic acid (6.4 mL)-conc.hydrochloric acid (1.6 mL), and the mixture was refluxed for 10 hours,and allowed to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured intoice water. Ethyl acetate was added to the mixture. The organic layer waswashed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution,water, and a saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Ethyl acetatewas removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (3/1) togive the desired compound (706 mg) as pale yellowish white crystalline(yield 70%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.95 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.30 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 5.75(s, 1H), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 7.70 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.76 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H,J=8 Hz).

(2) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

In methyl ethyl ketone (10 mL) were suspended the obtained3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(209 mg, 0.50 mmol), ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate (489 mg, 2.50mmol), and potassium carbonate (346 mg, 2.50 mmol). The suspension wasrefluxed for 40 hours. The suspension was then allowed to roomtemperature, filtered to remove insolubles, and washed with methyl ethylketone. The solvent was distilled off. The residue was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (7/1) togive the desired compound (272 mg) as colorless oil (quantitativeyield).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.26 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.29 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.64 (s, 6H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 2.95 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.18 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz,J=7 Hz), 3.32 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.21 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.60 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.71 (dd, 1H, J=2,8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.89 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(3)2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

In a mixture of ethanol (6 mL) and water (3 mL) was dissolved theobtained ester compound (270 mg, 0.51 mmol), and then lithium hydroxidemonohydrate (65 mg) was added. The mixture was refluxed for 48 hours,and allowed to room temperature. Ice water was added to the reactionmixture. The mixture was neutralized by addition of 3N hydrochloricacid. Precipitated crystals were filtered, washed with water, dried inair over night, and further dried under reduced pressure (60° C.) togive 170 mg of the desired compound (yield 68%).

White powder (mp: 100-105° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.66 (s, 6H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.94 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.21 (dq, 1H,J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.26 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.29 (dd,1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.56 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.79 (d,1H, J=2 Hz), 7.84 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

Example 2[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The synthetic intermediate of Example 1, namely3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(105 mg, 0.25 mmol) and potassium carbonate (103 mg, 0.75 mmol) weresuspended in acetone (3 mL). Ethyl bromoacetate (0.08 mL, 0.75 mmol) wasadded to the suspension while cooling with ice. The suspension wasallowed to room temperature, and refluxed while heating for 6 hours.Insolubles were filtered, and washed with acetone. Subsequently, thesolvent was distilled off. The residue was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (7/1-4/1) to givethe subject compound (117 mg) as colorless oil (yield 92%)

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.26 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.31 (s, 3H), 2.75 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.18 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.33(t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.69 (s, 2H), 6.69 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.8-7.85 (m, 2H),7.89 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

Example 3[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1)3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one

To an ice-cold THF (5 mL) was added 60% sodium hydride (27 mg, 0.67mmol). Subsequently, a solution of ethyl2-[(3-methyl-4-benzyloxy)benzoyl]acetate (190 mg, 0.61 mmol) in THF (3mL) was dropwise added for 30 minutes. The mixture was allowed to roomtemperature, and then stirred for 30 minutes. To the mixture was added5-iodomethyl-4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenylthiazole (250 mg,0.61 mmol). The resulting mixture was refluxed for 20 hours undernitrogen atmosphere, and allowed to room temperature. THF was removedunder reduced pressure. To the residue was added acetic acid (3.2mL)-conc. hydrochloric acid (0.8 mL), and the mixture was refluxed for10 hours under heating, and allowed to room temperature. The reactionmixture was poured into ice water. The mixture was extracted with ethylacetate. The organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodiumhydrogen carbonate solution, water, and a saline, dried over anhydroussodium sulfate. Ethyl acetate was removed under reduced pressure, andthe residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel withhexane/ethyl acetate (3/1) to give the desired compound (195 mg) as paleyellowish white crystal (yield 73%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.29 (s, 3H), 3.14 (dq,1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 5.35 (s, 1H), 6.80 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.74 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.79 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.89 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2 (yield 80%).

Colorless oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.33 (s, 3H), 3.15 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.27 (q,2H, J=7 Hz), 4.71 (s, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz),7.75 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.81 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(3)[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2 using the obtained ester compound (yield 88%).

White powder (mp: 145-155° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.32 (s, 3H), 3.15 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H),4.76 (s, 2H), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.81 (dd, 1H,J=2, 8 Hz), 7.82 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

Example 42-[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1 using the synthetic intermediate of Example 3, namely3-[2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(yield 74%).

Colorless oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.65 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 3.15 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m,4H), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.62 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz),7.70 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1 using the obtained ester compound (yield 90%).

Pale yellow amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.67 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s,3H), 3.14 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.72 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.99 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

Example 5[2-Allyl-4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]phenoxy]aceticacid (1)3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one

To an ice-cold THF (15 mL) was added 60% sodium hydride (120 mg, 3.00mmol). Subsequently, a solution of ethyl 2-[(4-benzyloxy)benzoyl]acetate(900 mg, 3.02 mmol) in THF (15 mL) was dropwise added for 30 minutes.The mixture was allowed to room temperature, and then stirred for 30minutes. To the mixture was added4-iodomethyl-5-isopropyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)oxazole (1.20 g, 3.00mmol). The resulting mixture was refluxed for 20 hours under nitrogenatmosphere, and allowed to room temperature. THF was removed underreduced pressure. To the residue was added acetic acid (7.5 mL)-conc.hydrochloric acid (2.0 mL), and the mixture was refluxed for 5 hours,and allowed to room temperature. The reaction mixture was poured intoice water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer waswashed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution,water, and a saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Ethyl acetatewas removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (3/1) togive the desired compound (650 mg) as pale yellowish white crystal(yield 53%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.32 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.96 (t. 2H, J=7 Hz),3.22 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.25 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.77 (d, 2H, J=8Hz), 7.29 (dd, 1H. J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.60 (s, 1H), 7.76(d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.84 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(4-allyloxyphenyl)propan-1-one

In acetone (5 mL),3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(202 mg, 0.50 mmol) and potassium carbonate (103 mg, 0.75 mmol) weresuspended. Allyl bromide (91 mg, 0.75 mmol) was added to the suspensionwhile cooling with ice. The suspension was stirred at room temperaturefor 20 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water, and extractedwith ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water, and asaline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Ethyl acetate was removedunder reduced pressure to give the subject compound (205 mg) as paleyellow solid residue (yield 92%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.96 (t, 2H. J=7 Hz),3.18 (dq, 1H. J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.34 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.59 (dt, 2H, J=2,5 Hz), 5.25-5.35 (m, 1H), 5.40-5.45 (m, 1H), 5.95-6.10 (m, 1H), 6.93 (d,2H, J=9 Hz), 7.29 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.89 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.96 (d, 2H, J=9 Hz).

(3)3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-allyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one

At 180° C.,3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(4-allyloxyphenyl)propan-1-one(200 mg, 0.45 mmol) was heated for 5 hours. The compound was allowed toroom temperature, the resulting compound was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (3/1) to give thedesired compound (36 mg) as pale yellow oil (yield 18%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.96 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz),3.18 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.33 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.43 (d, 2H, J=6Hz), 5.1-5.2 (m, 2H), 5.51 (s, 1H), 5.85-6.1 (m, 1H), 6.82 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.29 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.79 (d, 1H, d, J=2Hz), 7.80 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(4)[2-Allyl-4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]phenoxy]ethylacetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2 (yield 84%).

Colorless oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.96 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.18 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.33 (t, 2H, J=7Hz), 3.47 (d, 2H, J=6 Hz), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.69 (s, 2H), 5.05-5.15(m, 2H), 5.95-6.10 (m, 1H), 6.73 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.83 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.84 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(5)[2-Allyl-4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]phenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2 (yield 81%).

White powder (mp: 145-150° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.96 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.32 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 3.46 (d, 2H, J=6 Hz), 4.71 (s, 2H), 5.05-5.15 (m, 2H),5.95-6.10 (m, 1H), 6.95 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49(d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.81 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.83 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.86(d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

Example 6[4-[3-[2-(2-Hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1)3-[2-(2-Methoxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one

To an ice-cold THF (50 mL) was added 60% sodium hydride (204 mg, 5.10mmol). Subsequently, a solution of ethyl2-[(3-methyl-4-benzyloxy)benzoyl]acetate (1.6 g, 5.12 mmol) in THF (25mL) was dropwise added for 30 minutes. The mixture was allowed to roomtemperature, and then stirred for 30 minutes. To the mixture was added4-iodomethyl-5-isopropyl-2-(2-methoxy-4-chlorophenyl)oxazole (2.00 g,5.11 mmol). The resulting mixture was refluxed for 20 hours undernitrogen atmosphere, and allowed to room temperature. THF was removedunder reduced pressure. To the residue was added acetic acid (16mL)-conc. hydrochloric acid (4 mL), and the mixture was refluxed for 10hours under heating. The mixture was allowed to room temperature, andpoured into ice water. Ethyl acetate was added to the mixture. Theorganic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, water, and a saline, dried over anhydrous sodiumsulfate. Ethyl acetate was removed under reduced pressure, and theobtained residue was filtered, washed with an ether, and hexane to givethe desired compound as white powder. Subsequently, the washings wasconcentrated, and the residue was filtered, washed with an ether, andhexane in the same manner as is mentioned above. The obtained powder wasmixed with the previously obtained powder, and the mixed powder wasdried under reduced pressure to give the desired compound (1.8 g) aspale yellowish white crystal (yield 70%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.32 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.91 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 3.06 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.18 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.87(s, 3H), 6.70 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.99 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.03 (dd, 1H, J=2,8 Hz), 7.41 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.83 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 8.94 (s, 1H)

(2)3-[2-(2-Hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one]

The obtained3-[2-(2-methoxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(621 mg, 1.50 mmol) was suspended in methylene chloride (30 mL) andcooled with ice. To the suspension, a 1M methylene chloride solution ofboron trichloride (BCl₃) (3.0 mL, 3.00 mmol) was dropwise added for 1minute. The mixture was allowed to room temperature, stirred for 72hours, and poured into ice water. Chloroform and saturated sodiumhydrogen carbonate were added to the mixture. The organic layer waswashed with water, and a saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.The chloroform was removed under reduced pressure. The residue waspurified by column chromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethylacetate (3/1) to give the desired compound (385 mg) as colorless oil(yield 64%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.94 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.29 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 5.22(s, 1H), 6.79 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.90 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.04 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 7.68 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.74 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.78 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 11.50 (s, 1H).

(3)[4-[3-[2-(2-Hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]ethylacetate

The obtained3-[2-(2-hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(378 mg, 0.95 mmol) was dissolved in acetone (20 mL). To the solution,potassium carbonate (158 mg, 0.95 mmol) and ethyl bromoacetate (158 mg,0.95 mmol) were added while cooling with ice. The mixture was allowed toroom temperature, and stirred for 20 hours. After insoluble was filteredoff, the mixture was washed with acetone to remove the solvent. Theresidue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel withhexane/ethyl acetate (4/1) to give the desired compound (315 mg) aswhite solid (yield 69%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.31 (s, 3H), 2.94 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.20 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.30(t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.69 (s, 2H), 6.70 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 6.90 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.04 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.68 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.75-7.85 (m, 2H), 11.48 (s, 1H).

(4)[4-[3-[2-(2-Hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2 (yield 87%).

White powder (mp: 159-161° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.94 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7Hz), 3.30 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.76 (s, 2H), 6.74 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.90 (dd,1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.04 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.68 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.80-7.85(m, 2H).

Example 7[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenylsulfanyl]aceticacid (1)3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-[3-methyl-4-(dimethylthiocarbamoyloxy)phenyl]propan-1-one

In dry dioxane (5 mL),3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(417 mg, 1.00 mmol) obtained in (1) of Example 1,4-dimethylaminopyridine (12 mg, 0.10 mmol) and triethylamine (0.28 mL,2.00 mmol). To the solution, dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride (148 mg,1.20 mmol) was added while cooling with ice. The reaction temperaturewas increased, and refluxed over night. The mixture was allowed to roomtemperature. To the mixture, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (12 mg, 0.10 mmol)and dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride (148 mg, 1.20 mmol) were again added.The mixture was refluxed for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was allowedto room temperature, and poured into ice water. Ethyl acetate was addedto the mixture. The organic layer was washed with water, and a saline,dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Ethyl acetate was removed underreduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (3/1), and chloroform/methanol(100/1) to give the desired compound (170 mg) as a mixture with thestarting materials.

(2)3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-[3-methyl-4-(dimethylcarbamoylsulfanyl)phenyl]propan-1-one

The obtained crude thiocarbamoyl compound (160 mg) was dissolved inn-tetradecane (10 mL). The solution was refluxed at the internaltemperature of 250° C. for 8 hours. The mixture was allowed to roomtemperature. The reaction mixture was directly purified by columnchromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (3/1) to give thedesired compound (120 mg) as a pale yellow oil (two steps yield 24%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.97 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 3.0-3.2 (br, 6H), 3.19 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.38 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.48 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.57 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.78 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.89 (d,1H, J=8 Hz).

(3)3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-mercaptophenyl)propan-1-one

The obtained carbamoyl compound (110 mg, 0.22 mmol) was dissolved in drymethanol (5 mL). To the solution, 0.5N MeONa (0.66 mL, 0.33 mmol) wasadded. The mixture was refluxed for 20 hours, and allowed to roomtemperature. The mixture was poured into ice water. The mixture wasneutralized with 3N hydrochloric acid. Ethyl acetate was added to themixture. The organic layer was washed with water, and a saline, driedover anhydrous sodium sulfate. Ethyl acetate was removed under reducedpressure to obtain the desired compound (80 mg) as pale yellow oil(yield 84%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.34 (s, 3H), 2.96 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 3.18 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.34 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.51(s, 1H), 7.2-7.3 (m, 2H), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.66 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8Hz), 7.75 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(4) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenylsulfanyl]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2 (yield 89%).

Colorless oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.25 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.39 (s, 3H), 2.96 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.18 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.35(t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.73 (s, 2H), 4.20 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 7.2-7.35 (m, 2H),7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.7-7.8 (m, 2H), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(5)[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenylsulfanyl]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2 using the obtained ester compound (yield 71%).

White powder (mp: 140-145° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.96 (t, 2H. J=7 Hz), 3.19 (dq, 1H. J=7 Hz, J=7Hz), 3.32 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.77 (s, 2H), 7.2-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.49 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 7.7-7.8 (m, 2H), 7.87 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

Example 82-[4-[3-[2-(2-Hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(2-hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

In methyl ethyl ketone (10 mL),3-[2-(2-hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(150 mg, 0.38 mmol), ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate (146 mg, 0.75mmol) and potassium carbonate (103 mg, 0.75 mmol) were suspended. Thesuspension was refluxed for 20 hours, and allowed to room temperature.After insoluble was filtered off, the mixture was washed with methylethyl ketone to removed the solvent. The residue was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (8/1) to give thedesired compound (83 mg) as colorless oil (yield 43%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.64 (s, 6H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 2.93 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz,J=7 Hz), 3.28 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.60 (d, 1H, J=9Hz), 6.90 (dd, 1H, J=2, 9 Hz), 7.04 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.68 (d, 1H, J=9Hz), 7.70 (dd, 1H, J=2, 9 Hz), 7.78 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 11.48 (s, 1H).

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(2-Hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 2 using the obtained ester compound (yield 33%).

Pale white amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.68 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s,3H), 2.94 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.20 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, J=7 Hz), 3.29 (t, 2H,J=7 Hz), 6.77 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 6.90 (dd, 1H, J=2, 9 Hz), 7.04 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 7.68 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.74 (dd, 1H, J=2, 9 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz).

Example 9[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1)4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyloxazol-4-yl]-1-hydroxypropyl]-2-methylphenol

To a solution of lithium aluminum hydride (92 mg, 2.42 mmol) in dry THF(20 mL),3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyloxazol-4-yl]-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propan-1-one(1.01 g, 2.41 mmol) was gradually added while cooling with ice. Themixture was stirred for 1 hour, and further stirred at room temperature.The reaction mixture was again cooled with ice. To the mixture, asaturated aqueous sodium sulfate solution was dropwise added. Afterinsoluble materials were filtered out, the solvent was removed underreduced pressure. The residue was extracted with ethyl acetate, washedwith water (15 mL) containing a small amount of a 1M aqueous solution ofhydrochloric acid, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solventwas removed under reduced pressure to obtain the desired compound (997mg) as ocher yellow crystal (yield 98%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.31 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz),2.07 (dt, 2H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.67 (dt, 2H, J=2 Hz, 7 Hz),3.07 (m, 1H), 3.65 (brs, 1H), 4.72 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 5.06 (s, 1H), 6.71(d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.06 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.15 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.30(dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.91 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyloxazol-4-yl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenol

To the obtained phenol compound (840 mg, 2.00 mmol), DMSO (8 mL) wasadded. The mixture was stirred at 150° C. for 2 hours, and allowed toroom temperature. Ethyl acetate (20 mL) was added to the mixture. Themixture was washed with water (20 mL), and then a saturated saline (20mL). After the mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, thesolvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue wasrecrystallized with ethyl acetate/hexane=1/10 (6.6 mL) to give thedesired compound (58 mg) as pale yellow crystal (total yield 81%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.22 (s, 3H), 3.13 (m,1H), 3.45 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 6 Hz), 4.72 (brs, 1H), 6.19 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz,16 Hz), 6.37 (d, 1H, J=16 Hz), 6.69 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.06 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.12 (s, 1H), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz),7.93 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(3) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.27 (s, 3H), 3.12 (m, 1H), 3.46 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 6 Hz), 4.25 (q, 2H,J=7 Hz), 4.61 (s, 2H), 6.22 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz, 16 Hz), 6.39 (d, 1H, J=16Hz), 6.63 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.10 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.18 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.94 (d, 1H, J=8Hz).

(4)[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow crystal (mp: 143-144° C.) ¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.27(d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.17 (s, 3H), 3.22 (m, 1H), 3.43 (d, 2H, J=6 Hz), 4.66(s, 2H), 6.21 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz, 16 Hz), 6.39 (d, 1H, J=16 Hz), 6.74 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.14 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.22 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.56(dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.78 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.98 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz). IR(KBr) cm⁻¹: 2968, 2931, 1734, 1564, 1502, 1458, 1387, 1242, 1203, 1138,1119, 966, 804.

Example 10[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in Example9.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHZ) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.34 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.28 (s, 3H), 3.12 (m, 1H), 3.67 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 6 Hz), 4.26 (q, 2H,J=7 Hz), 4.62 (s, 2H), 6.17 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz, 16 Hz), 6.40 (d, 1H, J=16Hz), 6.65 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.11 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.19 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.01 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow powder (mp: 125-128° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.34 (d,6H, J=7 Hz), 2.28 (s, 3H), 3.13 (m, 1H), 3.68 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 6 Hz),4.68 (s, 2H), 6.19 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz, 16 Hz), 6.40 (d, 1H, J=16 Hz), 6.69(d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.13 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.20 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.64(d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.01 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2974, 1751, 1506,1325, 1252, 1225, 1169, 1136, 1122, 1119, 1066, 843.

Example 11[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.89 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.3-1.5 (m, 6H), 1.7-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 2.75 (t, 2H, J=8 Hz),3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.27 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.71 (s, 2H), 6.72 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 7.97 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Yellow amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.88 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.3-1.5 (m, 6H),1.7-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.75 (t, 2H, J=8 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H),4.76 (s, 2H), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.7-7.9 (m,2H), 7.97 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2954, 2929, 2858, 1724,1676, 1603, 1500, 1441, 1327, 1284, 1219, 1169, 1142, 1111, 1068.

Example 122-[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.89 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.2-1.5 (m, 6H), 1.65 (s, 6H), 1.7-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.74 (t,2H, J=8 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.62 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.70 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.98 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Yellow oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.88 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.3-1.5 (m, 6H),1.6-1.8 (m, 2H), 1.69 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.74 (t, 2H, J=8 Hz),3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.72 (dd,1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.97 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr)cm⁻¹: 2956, 2927, 2858, 1741, 1678, 1601, 1500, 1325, 1261, 1169, 1124,1066, 845.

Example 132-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.25 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.34 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.55 (s, 6H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 3.12 (m, 1H), 3.67 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 6 Hz),4.24 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.17 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz, 16 Hz), 6.38 (d, 1H, J=16Hz), 6.60 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.03 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.16 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.01 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Yellow oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.34 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.61 (s, 6H), 2.23 (s,3H), 3.13 (m, 1H), 3.68 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 6 Hz), 6.20 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz, 16Hz), 6.40 (d, 1H, J=16 Hz), 6.77 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.09 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz,8 Hz), 7.19 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.01 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2970, 2929, 2872, 1716, 1616, 1500, 1325, 1167, 1126,1066, 964, 845.

Example 14[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.56 (s, 3H), 3.15 (m, 1H), 3.23 (s, 4H), 4.28 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.65 (s,2H), 6.75 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 6.78 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=9Hz), 7.70 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=9 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 136-142° C.)

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.56 (s, 3H), 3.15 (m,1H), 3.23 (s, 4H), 4.72 (s, 2H), 6.7-6.8 (m, 2H), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz),7.71 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2962, 1741,1672, 1603, 1574, 1450, 1325, 1260, 1236, 1211, 1168, 1126, 1066, 976,849, 698, 611.

Example 15[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.53 (s, 3H), 2.94 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (m, 1H), 3.29 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz),4.27 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.64 (s, 2H), 6.72 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 6.76(d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2, 9 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.76(d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 97-102° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.93 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (m, 1H), 3.26 (t, 2H,J=7 Hz), 4.65 (s, 2H), 6.71 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.29 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.48 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.72 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.85 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3454, 2976, 1730, 1682, 1637,1605, 1564, 1460, 1383, 1363, 1317, 1242, 1201, 1178, 1120, 1072, 1051,978, 868, 818, 741.

Example 16[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.22 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.63 (s, 6H), 2.52 (s, 3H), 3.14 (m, 1H), 3.22 (s, 4H), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7Hz), 6.63 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 6.90 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.64 (d, 1H, J=9Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=9 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=9 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Yellow amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃ 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.66 (s, 6H), 2.53 (s,3H), 3.14 (m, 1H), 3.23 (s, 4H), 6.74 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 6.78 (d,1H, J=2 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.66 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H,J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3456, 2968, 2929, 2873, 1740, 1736, 1678, 1603,1325, 1248, 1167, 1126, 1066.

Example 172-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.22 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.63 (s, 6H), 2.49 (s, 3H), 2.93 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.18 (m, 1H), 3.28 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 4.23 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.61 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 6.67 (d,1H, J=2 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.70 (d,1H, J=9 Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz)

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-3-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 98-100° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.63 (s, 6H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.92 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.1-3.3 (m,3H), 6.66 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 6.73 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.27 (dd, 1H,J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.48 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.55 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.83 (d, 1H,J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2980, 2940, 1720, 1680, 1600, 1560, 1460, 1250,1145, 1125.

Example 18[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-propylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl2-allyl-4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]phenoxyacetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2), (3)and (4) of Example 5.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),3.15 (m, 1H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 3.48 (d, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7Hz), 4.71 (s, 2H), 5.1-5.2 (m, 2H), 5.9-6.1 (m, 1H), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=9Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-propylphenoxy]acetate

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.95 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.28 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.6-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.68 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.15 (dq,1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.70 (s, 2H),6.72 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.7-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.00 (d,2H, J=8 Hz).

(3)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-propylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale white crystal (mp: 145-150° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.96 (t,3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.6-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.68 (t, 2H, J=7Hz), 3.15 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.77 (s, 2H), 6.76(d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.7-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8Hz).

Example 192-Allyl-4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]phenoxyaceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow crystal (mp: 165-175° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33(d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 3.15 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.2-3.4 (m, 4H), 3.48 (d,2H, J=7 Hz), 4.76 (s, 2H), 5.0-5.1 (m, 2H), 5.9-6.1 (m, 1H), 6.79 (d,1H, J=9 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz)

Example 20[4-[4-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-buten-2-yl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-buten-2-yl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

In a dry ether (2 mL), potassium t-butoxide (120 mg, 1.07 mmol) wassuspended. Methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (350 mg, 0.98 mmol) wasadded to the suspension. The mixture was stirred for 2 hours at roomtemperature.[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]ethylacetate (450 mg, 0.89 mmol) and a dry ether (1.5 mL) were added to themixture. The resulting mixture was stirred for 16 hours at roomtemperature. Methyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (175 mg, 0.49 mmol), adry ether (5 mL) and potassium t-butoxide (60 mg, 0.53 mmol) were addedto the reaction mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred for 30minutes at room temperature. The mixture was refluxed for 4 hours, andallowed to room temperature. Ethyl acetate (10 mL) was added to thereaction mixture. The mixture was washed with water (10 mL), and asaturated saline (10 mL), and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Thesolvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/9) togive the desired compound (131 g) as colorless oil (yield 29%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.24 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),2.29 (s, 3H), 2.6-2.7 (m, 2H), 2.8-3.0 (m, 3H), 3.27 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz),4.63 (s, 2H), 5.00 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 5.23 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 7.66 (d, 1H,J=8 Hz), 8.21 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.26 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.31 (dd,1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.92 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[4-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-buten-2-yl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.25 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.6-2.7(m, 2H), 2.8-2.9 (m, 2H), 2.93 (m, 1H), 4.65 (s, 2H), 5.01 (d, 1H, J=1Hz), 5.23 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 6.69 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.22 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8Hz), 7.26 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.32 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.91 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3088, 2968, 2927, 2872, 1736,1605, 1564, 1504, 1460, 1225, 1142, 1107.

Example 212-[4-[4-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-buten-2-yl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-buten-2-yl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.23 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.26 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.59 (s, 6H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.6-2.7 (m, 2H), 2.8-3.0 (m, 3H), 3.25 (q,2H, J=7 Hz), 4.99 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 5.23 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 6.62 (d, 1H,J=8 Hz), 7.13 (dd, 2H, J=1 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.24 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.31 (dd,1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.92 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[4-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-1-buten-2-yl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Brown oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.24 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.61 (s, 6H), 2.24 (s,3H), 2.6-2.7 (m, 2H), 2.8-2.9 (m, 2H), 2.91 (m, 1H), 5.03 (d, 1H, J=1Hz), 5.25 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 6.79 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.18 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8Hz), 7.26 (m, 1H), 7.31 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz),7.91 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2972, 2935, 2873, 1716, 1603, 1564,1500, 1464, 1385, 1250, 1151, 1107.

Example 22[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-2-methylpropionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-2-methylpropionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate(450 mg, 0.89 mmol) was dissolved in dry THF (4 mL). Sodium hydride (40mg, 1.00 mmol) was gradually added to the solution. The mixture wasstirred for 30 minutes at room temperature.

Methyl iodide (0.07 mL, 1.12 mmol) was dropwise added to the mixture.The resulting mixture was stirred for 27 hours at room temperature.Sodium hydride (10 mg, 0.25 mmol) and methyl iodide (0.02 mL, 0.32 mmol)were further added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred for19 hours 30 minutes at room temperature. The solvent was removed underreduced pressure. Ethyl acetate (5 mL) was added to the residue. Theresidue was washed with a saturated saline (2 mL), and dried overanhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reducedpressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silicagel with ethyl acetate/hexane (1/9) to give the desired compound (218mg) as colorless oil (purity 97%, yield 29%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.18 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.22 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.28 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.63 (dd, 1H,J=7 Hz, 14 Hz), 3.00 (dd, 1H, J=7 Hz, 14 Hz), 3.10 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m,1H), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.68 (s, 2H), 6.67 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (dd,1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.48 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 7.85 (d, 1H,J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-2-methylpropionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.18 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.22 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.28 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.64 (dd, 1H, J=7, 14 Hz), 2.98 (dd,1H, J=7 Hz, 14 Hz), 3.13 (m, 1H), 3.95 (m, 1H), 4.64 (s, 2H), 6.66 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.48 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.76(dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.81 (m, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr)cm⁻¹: 3427, 2970, 2931, 2873, 1740, 1672, 1599, 1564, 1502, 1456, 1383,1271, 1230, 1120.

Example 232-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-2-methylpropionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-2-methylpropionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.20 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.22 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.27 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.63 (s, 3H), 1.63 (s, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.62(dd, 1H, J=7 Hz, 14 Hz), 2.99 (dd, 1H, J=7 Hz, 14 Hz), 3.10 (m, 1H),3.99 (m, 1H), 4.20 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.58 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H,J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.48 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.73 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.80(d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.85 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]-2-methylpropionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.16 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.21 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.27 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.65 (s, 3H), 1.66 (s, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.63(dd, 1H, J=7 Hz, 14 Hz), 2.97 (dd, 1H, J=7 Hz, 14 Hz), 3.13 (m, 1H),3.94 (m, 1H), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.26 (m, 1H), 7.46 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz),7.61 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.7-7.9 (m, 2H). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3456, 3431,2972, 2933, 2873, 1740, 1674, 1599, 1564, 1498, 1462, 1385, 1257, 1142,1119.

Example 24[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propenoyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1)3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazol-5-yl]-1-(4-methoxymethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propenone

To a mixture of dry MeOH (3 mL) and dry THF (3 mL),4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazol-5-carboxyl aldehyde (803mg, 2.68 mmol), 1-(4-methoxymethoxy-3-methylphenyl)ethanone (521 mg,2.68 mmol) and sodium methoxide (9 mg, 0.13 mmol) were added. Theresulting mixture was stirred for 14 hours at room temperature. Sodiummethoxide (36 mg, 0.53 mmol) and dry MeOH (3 mL) were added again to themixture. The resulting mixture was stirred for 26 hours at roomtemperature. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Ethylacetate (30 mL) was added to the residue. The residue was washed withwater (40 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (30mL, 20 mL). The organic layer was added to the aqueous layer. Themixture was washed with a saturated saline (20 mL), dried over anhydroussodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Theresidue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel with ethylacetate/hexane (1/9) to give the desired compound (1.04 g) as a yellowcrystal (yield 81%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.39 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.33 (s, 3H), 3.43 (m,1H), 3.51 (s, 3H), 5.30 (s, 2H), 7.14 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (d, 1H, J=15Hz), 7.71 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.04 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 8.11(d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazol-5-yl]propenone

In a mixture of isopropanol (4 mL) and THF (16 mL),3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)thiazol-5-yl]-1-(4-methoxymethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propenone(1.049 g, purity 99.6%, 2.18 mmol) was dissolved. To the mixture, a 1Maqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (2.6 mL) was added. The resultingmixture was stirred for 4 hours at room temperature, and for 19 hoursand 30 minutes at 65° C. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure.The residue was suspended in a mixture of ethanol (6 mL) and hexane (2mL). The crystals were filtered, washed with a mixture of ethanol (2 mL)and hexane (2 mL), and with hexane (2 mL), and dried for 30 minutes atroom temperature under reduced pressure to give the desired compound(908 mg) as a yellow crystal (yield 97%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.39 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.32 (s, 3H), 3.44 (m,1H), 6.85 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.31 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 7.71 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz),7.81 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.81 (bs, 1H), 8.03 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 8.11(d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(3) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propenoyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.39 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.38 (s, 3H), 3.44 (m, 1H), 4.29 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.74 (s, 2H), 6.77 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.29 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 7.71 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.86 (dd, 1H,J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.88 (bs, 1H), 8.03 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 8.11 (d, 2H, J=8Hz).

(4)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propenoyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Yellow crystal (mp: 203-205° C. (dec.)) ¹H-NMR (CD₃OD/CDCl₃=1/20, 400MHz) δ: 1.39 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.37 (s, 3H), 3.44 (m, 1H), 4.71 (s, 2H),6.82 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 7.72 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz),7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.03 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 8.11 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr)cm⁻¹: 2964, 2870, 1761, 1741, 1601, 1581, 1329, 1269, 1230, 1188, 1171,1132, 1109, 1168, 823.

Example 252-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propenoyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazole]propenoyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.23 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.38 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.68 (s, 6H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 3.44 (m, 1H), 4.24 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.68 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.29 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 7.71 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.78 (dd, 1H,J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.87 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 8.02 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 8.11 (d, 2H,J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazole]propenoyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Yellow crystal (mp: 187-189° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.38 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.72 (s, 6H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 3.46 (m, 1H), 6.82 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz),7.28 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 7.71 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.82 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 8.04 (d, 1H, J=15 Hz), 8.10 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3466, 2972, 1740, 1657, 1655, 1639, 1603, 1500, 1327,1325, 1273, 1169, 1128, 1068.

Example 26[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]propionicacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]propionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.32 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.32 (s, 3H), 3.11 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.1-3.3 (m, 4H), 3.84 (s,3H), 4.27 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.70 (s, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.8-7.0(m, 2H), 7.7-7.9 (m, 4H).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]propionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Pale yellow crystal (mp: 170-172° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31(d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.32 (3H, s), 3.11 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.1-3.3 (m,4H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 4.76 (s, 2H), 6.74 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.91 (d, 2H, J=9Hz), 7.7-7.9 (m, 4H). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2970, 1726, 1672, 1605, 1517, 1456,1367, 1304, 1302, 1300, 1282, 1261, 1209, 1176, 1130, 1065, 1034, 1018,995, 843, 824.

Example 27[4-[3-[2-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-4-isopropylthiazol-5-yl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4-isopropylthiazol-5-yl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.28 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.32 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.33 (s, 3H), 3.14 (m, 1H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.27 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.71(s, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.7-6.9 (m, 1H), 7.4-7.5 (m, 2H), 7.7-7.8(m, 2H).

(2)[4-[3-[2-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-4-isopropylthiazol-5-yl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow crystal (mp: 125-128° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31(d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.32 (s, 3H), 3.13 (m, 1H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.75 (s,2H), 6.7-6.8 (m, 2H), 7.4-7.5 (m, 2H), 7.7-7.9 (m, 2H). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹:3446, 2970, 2929, 2376, 1749, 1743, 1676, 1620, 1599, 1533, 1504, 1502,1458, 1439, 1363, 1321, 1271, 1230, 1176, 1136, 1134, 1132, 1072, 1053,987, 879, 847, 808, 677.

Example 282-[4-[3-[2-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.65 (s, 6H), 2.27 (3H, s), 3.13 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m,4H), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.62 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 6.79 (dt, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9Hz), 7.4-7.5 (m, 2H), 7.69 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.79 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-4-isopropylthiazol-5-yl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 132-133° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.69 (s, 6H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 3.13 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz),3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 6.77 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 6.7-6.8 (m, 1H), 7.4-7.5 (m, 2H),7.73 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.81 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2974,2927, 1741, 1652, 1620, 1605, 1535, 1506, 1502, 1458, 1363, 1327, 1321,1284, 1263, 1147, 1122, 1068, 987, 876, 850, 675.

Example 29[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(2-naphthyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(2-naphthyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.28 (3H, t, J=7 Hz), 1.37 (6H, d, J=7 Hz),2.33 (3H, s), 3.18 (1H, m), 3.2-3.3 (4H, m), 4.25 (2H, q, J=7 Hz), 4.69(2H, s), 6.71 (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 6.4-6.5 (2H, m), 7.7-7.9 (5H, m), 8.04(1H, dd, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 8.34 (1H, s)

(2)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(2-naphthyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow crystal (mp: 97-100° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.37(6H, d, J=7 Hz), 2.32 (3H, s), 3.18 (1H, m), 3.2-3.3 (4H, m), 4.76 (2H,s), 6.74 (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.4-7.5 (2H, m), 7.7-7.9 (5H, m), 8.03 (1H,dd, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 8.33 (1H, s). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3845, 3745, 3429, 2962,2929, 2368, 2345, 1749, 1676, 1601, 1506, 1502, 1362, 1255, 1228, 1132,1068, 858, 813, 748, 476, 420

Example 302-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(2-naphthyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 164-166° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.36 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.68 (s, 6H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 3.16 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz),3.2-3.4 (m, 4H), 6.76 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.4-7.5 (m, 2H), 7.73 (dd, 1H,J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 3H), 7.82 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 8.03 (dd, 1H, J=2Hz, 9 Hz), 8.34 (s, 1H). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2966, 1741, 1655, 1620, 1605,1365, 1284, 1263, 1180, 1147, 1146, 808, 750.

Example 31[4-[3-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(4-butylphenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.92 (3H, t, J=7 Hz), 1.29 (3H, t, J=7 Hz),1.32 (6H, d, J=7 Hz), 1.3-1.4 (2H, m), 1.5-1.6 (2H, m), 2.32 (3H, s),2.62 (2H, t, J=8 Hz), 3.15 (1H, m), 3.2-3.3 (4H, m), 4.26 (2H, q, J=7Hz), 4.70 (2H, s), 6.71 (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.19 (2H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.7-7.8(4H, m).

(2)[4-[3-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.92 (3H, t, J=7 Hz), 1.31 (6H, d, J=7 Hz),1.3-1.4 (2H, m), 1.5-1.7 (2H, m), 2.31 (3H, s), 2.62 (2H, t, J=8 Hz),3.12 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (4H, m), 4.74 (2H, s), 6.72 (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.19(2H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.7-7.8 (4H, m). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3435, 2960, 2929, 2870,2860, 2368, 1741, 1676, 1601, 1502, 1456, 1414, 1360, 1319, 1275, 1230,1176, 1138, 1065, 985, 885, 837, 812, 627.

Example 322-[4-[3-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(4-butylphenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.92 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.32 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.3-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 2H), 1.65 (s, 6H),2.26 (s, 3H), 2.62 (t, 2H, J=8 Hz), 3.11 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz) 3.2-3.3(m, 4H), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.61 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.19 (d, 2H, J=8Hz), 7.70 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.79 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.79 (d, 1H, J=2Hz)

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(4-Butylphenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 121-122° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) d: 0.92 (t, 3H,J=7 Hz), 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.3-1.4 (m, 2H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 2H), 1.68(s, 6H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.62 (t, 2H, J=8 Hz), 3.11 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 6.76 (ld, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.19 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.72(dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.78 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

Example 33[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.34 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),3.15 (m, 1H), 3.26 (s, 4H), 4.27 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.77 (s, 2H), 6.85 (d,1H, J=9 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.84 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 8.00 (d,2H, J=8 Hz), 8.03 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 149-151° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.34 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 3.15 (m, 1H), 3.26 (s, 4H), 4.82 (s, 2H), 6.90 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz),7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.87 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz),8.04 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 1724, 1684, 1616, 1595, 1496, 1406,1360, 1329, 1281, 1232, 1203, 1157, 1117, 1016, 839, 773.

Example 34[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.23 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.68 (s, 6H), 3.14 (m, 1H), 3.25 (s, 4H), 4.23 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.82 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.75 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 8.00 (d,2H, J=8 Hz), 8.01 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Pale yellow amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.71 (s, 6H), 3.14 (m,1H), 3.26 (s, 4H), 7.02 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.80 (dd,1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.03 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

Example 35)[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 3.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.28 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.96 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.17 (m, 1H), 3.33 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.27 (q, 2H,J=7 Hz), 4.76 (s, 2H), 6.83 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.05 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 134-137° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.96 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.19 (m, 1H), 3.30 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.78(s, 2H), 6.84 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.31 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.49 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 7.81 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.84 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 8.03 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3437, 1720, 1687, 1593, 1562, 1497, 1458, 1406,1221, 1203, 1088, 1038, 833, 808, 744, 692.

Example 362-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.23 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.30 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.67 (s, 6H), 2.95 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.17 (m, 1H), 3.31 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz),4.23 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.80 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.30 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz),7.49 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.77 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.88 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz),8.03 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-oxazolyl]propionyl]-2-chlorophenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 76-79° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.68 (s, 6H), 2.95 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 319 (m, 1H), 3.29 (t, 2H,J=7 Hz), 6.97 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.29 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.48 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 7.72 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.84 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 8.02 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2968, 1720, 1686, 1593, 1562, 1493, 1460, 1402,1385, 1306, 1259, 1200, 1180, 1146, 1059, 968, 902, 879, 822, 777, 739,700, 571.

Example 37[4-[3-[5-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1)[4-[3-[5-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]ethylacetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.31 (s, 3H), 3.14 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.37 (m, 1H), 3.43 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz),4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.70 (s, 2H), 6.70 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H,J=8 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 7.95 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[2-(4-Trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 125-132° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.30 (s, 3H), 3.14 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.37 (m, 1H), 3.42 (t, 2H,J=7 Hz), 4.74 (s, 2H), 6.73 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz),7.8-7.9 (m, 2H), 7.94 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 3425, 2964, 1751,1686, 1603, 1581, 1504, 1433, 1410, 1365, 1329, 1252, 1173, 1132, 1111,1068, 1018, 989, 841, 815, 675, 611.

Example 382-[4-[3-[5-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[5-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.64 (s, 6H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 3.14 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.36 (m, 1H), 3.41 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 4.21 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.61 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H,J=8 Hz), 7.74 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.81 (bs, 1H), 7.95 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[5-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 89-93° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.34 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.67 (s, 6H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 3.14 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.38 (m, 1H),3.40 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.72(dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.82 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.93 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR(KBr) cm⁻¹: 2964, 1720, 1678, 1601, 1498, 1458, 1410, 1365, 1325, 1257,1169, 1135, 1068, 1016, 972, 847, 771, 606.

Example 39[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1)[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 158-161° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.34 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.29 (s, 3H), 3.15 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.37 (m, 1H), 3.40 (t, 2H,J=7 Hz), 4.73 (s, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.2-7.3 (m, 1H), 7.47 (d,1H, J=2 Hz), 7.7-7.9 (m, 2H), 8.03 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2953,1740, 1664, 1602, 1583, 1551, 1504, 1475, 1429, 1363, 1317, 1277, 1254,1244, 1176.1132, 1103, 1063, 989, 887, 862, 821, 777, 683.

Example 402-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.34 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.62 (s, 6H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 3.14 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.36 (m, 1H), 3.40 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.60 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.27 (dd, 1H,J=2, 9 Hz), 7.47 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.73 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.81 (bs,1H), 8.07 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

White amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.34 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.66 (s, 6H), 2.25 (s,3H), 3.14 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.38 (m, 1H), 3.39 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.73 (d,1H, J=8 Hz), 7.26 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 9 Hz), 7.46 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.70(dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.81 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 8.02 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz).

Example 41[5-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[5-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.35 (s, 3H), 3.14 (m, 1H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.71(s, 2H), 7.24 (d, 1H, J=7 Hz), 7.35 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.49 (dd, 1H, J=2Hz, 7 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[5-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

Pale yellow crystal (mp: 130-133° C.) ¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.28(d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 2.26 (s, 3H), 3.1-3.3 (m, 3H), 3.38 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz),4.77 (s, 2H), 7.30 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.35 (s, 1H), 7.55 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz),7.81 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.05 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2968, 2931,2872, 1767, 1741, 1678, 1618, 1616, 1579, 1533, 1506, 1450, 1412, 1362,1327, 1294, 1242, 1167, 1126, 1124, 1122, 1068, 1016, 978, 874, 847,777, 609.

Example 422-[5-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[5-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.26 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.63 (s, 6H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 3.14 (m, 1H), 3.2-3.4 (m, 4H), 4.26 (q, 2H,J=7 Hz), 7.22 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.31 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.47 (dd, 1H, J=2Hz, 8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz)

(2)2-[5-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 124-126° C.) ¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz) δ: 1.27 (d,6H, J=7 Hz), 1.54 (s, 6H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 3.1-3.4 (m, 5H), 7.30 (s, 1H),7.31 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.56 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.81 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 8.05(d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 13.12 (bs, 1H) IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2972, 1736, 1684, 1618,1616, 1498, 1452, 1412, 1327, 1259, 1167, 1130, 1068, 1016, 972, 845,777.

Example 432-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]propionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]propionate

Intermediate of Example 3, namely3-[2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-4-isopropyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one(433 mg, 1.00 mmol) and potassium carbonate (166 mg, 1.20 mmol) wassuspended in acetone (10 mL). To the suspension, ethyl 2-bromopropionate(216 mg, 1.20 mmol) was added while cooling with ice. The mixture wasstirred for 20 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture waspoured into ice water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organiclayer was washed with water (20 mL) and a saturated saline (20 mL),dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed underreduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate (5/1) to give the desired compound(534 mg) as a colorless oil (quantitative yield).

¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.24 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.33 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.66 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 2.31 (s, 3H), 3.15 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.2-3.3(m, 4H), 4.20 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.82 (q, 1H, J=7 Hz), 6.68 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.76 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 8.00 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]propionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 120-123° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.33 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 1.70 (d, 3H, J=7 Hz), 2.31 (s, 3H), 3.15 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.88 (q, 1H, J=7 Hz), 6.73 (d, 1H, J=9 Hz), 7.63(d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.77 (dd, 1H, J=2, 9 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.99(d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2950, 1740, 1670, 1600, 1500, 1450,1320, 1300, 1275, 1250, 1190, 1160, 1130, 1060, 845.

Example 444-[3-[4-Methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.46 (s,3H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.70 (s, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H,J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.76 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H,J=2 Hz), 7.97 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Methyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 194-195° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 2.32 (s, 3H),2.45 (s, 3H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.75 (s, 2H), 6.74 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64(d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.7-7.9 (m, 2H), 7.96 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹:3500, 2900, 1780, 1730, 1680, 1610, 1500, 1410, 1370, 1330, 1240, 1180,1080, 850.

Example 452-[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.88 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.25 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.3-1.5 (m, 6H), 1.58 (s, 6H), 1.7-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.74 (t,2H, J=7 Hz), 3.65 (d, 2H, J=6 Hz), 4.24 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.16 (dt, 1H,J=6 Hz, 16 Hz), 6.40 (d, 1H, J=16 Hz), 6.60 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.04 (dd,1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.16 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.99 (d, 2H,J=8 Hz)

(2)2-[4-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]-1-propenyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Pale brown powder (mp: 152-155° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.88 (t,3H, J=7 Hz), 1.2-1.5 (m, 6H), 1.61 (s, 6H), 1.7-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s,3H), 2.74 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.66 (d, 2H, J=6 Hz), 6.20 (dt, 1H, J=6 Hz,16 Hz), 6.41 (d, 1H, J=16 Hz), 6.78 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.09 (dd, 1H, J=2Hz, 8 Hz), 7.19 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.99 (d, 2H, J=8Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2920, 1700, 1610, 1500, 1445, 1320, 1250, 1160,1120, 1060, 900, 840.

Example 462-[5-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[5-[3-[4-hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.89 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.26 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.3-1.4 (m, 6H), 1.54 (s, 6H), 1.7-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.74 (t,2H, J=8 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.26 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 7.22 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 7.31 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.47 (dd, 1H, J=2 Hz, 8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 1H, J=2Hz), 7.98 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[5-[3-[4-Hexyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Yellow oil

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 0.88 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.2-1.4 (m, 6H), 1.64(s, 6H), 1.7-1.8 (m, 2H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.73 (t, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3(m, 4H), 7.25 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.50 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.62(d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.96 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz)

Example 47[4-[3-[4-Ethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-ethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.30 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.32 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),2.33 (s, 3H), 2.79 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.27 (q, 2H, J=7Hz), 4.71 (s, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.8-7.9(m, 2H), 7.99 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Ethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 165-167° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (t, 3H,J=7 Hz), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.79 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.76 (s,2H), 6.74 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.80 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8Hz), 7.81 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.97 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2975,1760, 1740, 1670, 1610, 1600, 1580, 1500, 1440, 1360, 1320, 1260, 1220,1160, 1130, 1110, 1960, 840, 820.

Example 482-[4-[3-[4-Ethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[4-ethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.32 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz),1.55 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.79 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.22(q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.62 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.64 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.69 (dd,1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.79 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.99 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz).

(2)2-[4-[3-[4-Ethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

White crystal (mp: 168-170° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (t, 3H,J=7 Hz), 1.69 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.78 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m,4H), 6.75 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.63 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.72 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8Hz), 7.80 (d, 1H, J=2 Hz), 7.97 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2950,1720, 1680, 1660, 1580, 1540, 1440, 1400, 1360, 1320, 1260, 1160, 1120,1060, 960, 840, 820.

Example 49[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid (1) Ethyl[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]acetate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (1) ofExample 2.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.29 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),2.32 (s, 3H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 3.12 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m,4H), 4.27 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 4.70 (s, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.19 (d,2H, J=8 Hz), 7.7-7.8 (m, 4H).

(2)[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]aceticacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 2.

White crystal (mp: 188-190° C.) ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.32 (d, 6H,J=7 Hz), 2.32 (s, 3H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 3.12 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz),3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.75 (s, 2H), 6.73 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.18 (d, 2H, J=8Hz), 7.7-7.8 (m, 4H). IR (KBr) cm⁻¹: 2950, 1720, 1670, 1600, 1580, 1500,1440, 1360, 1310, 1280, 1210, 1180, 1120, 1060, 820.

Example 502-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid (1) Ethyl2-[4-[3-[4-isopropyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionate

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (2) ofExample 1.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.21 (t, 3H, J=7 Hz), 1.32 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz),1.65 (s, 6H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 3.11 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz),3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 4.22 (q, 2H, J=7 Hz), 6.61 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.19 (d,2H, J=8 Hz), 7.69 (dd, 1H, J=2, 8 Hz), 7.7-7.8 (m, 3H).

(2)2-[4-[3-[4-Isopropyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-thiazolyl]propionyl]-2-methylphenoxy]-2-methylpropionicacid

The desired compound was obtained in an analogous manner as in (3) ofExample 1.

Yellow amorphous

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) δ: 1.31 (d, 6H, J=7 Hz), 1.67 (s, 6H), 2.27 (s,3H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 3.11 (dq, 1H, J=7 Hz, 7 Hz), 3.2-3.3 (m, 4H), 6.72(d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.18 (d, 2H, J=8 Hz), 7.70 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7.72 (d,2H, J=8 Hz), 7.79 (s, 1H).

Example 51 Pharmacological Experiment 1

I. Method

(1) Measurement of PPARα, γ, δ Transactivation Activity

PPARα, γ, δ transactivation activity of each compound [Examples 1-8 andknown PPARδ agonist (L-16504: Berger, J., et al. (1999), J. Biol. Chem.,274:6718-6725)] was measured in the manner described below.

1) Material

CV-1 cells were obtained from Tohoku University Aging MedicalLaboratory, Medical Cell Collection Center. All test compounds weredissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Final concentration of DMSO was0.1%.

2) Plasmid

Receptor expression plasmid (GAL4-hPPARα, LBD GAL4-hPPARγ LBD,GAL4-hPPARδ LBD), Reporter plasmid (UASx-4-TK-LUC), and β-galactosidaseexpression plasmid (βGAL) similar to Kliewer, S. A., et al., ((1992)Nature, 358:771-774) were used.

3) Transfection

CV-1 cells were seeded in 24 well culture plates at 2×10⁵ cells perwell, and cultured for 24 hours OPTI-MEM I Reduced Serum Medium (LifeTechnologies, 500 μL/well) containing 4%-fetal bovine serum (FBS). Afterwashing with OPTI-MEM, transfection mixture (250 μL/well) containing0.03 μg of GAL4-hPPARδ LBD, 0.25 μg of UASx-4-TK-LUC, 0.35 μg of βGAL,and 2 μL of lipofection reagent, DMRIE-C (Life Technologies) were added.The cells were incubated for 5 hours at 37° C.

4) Cell Treatment by Addition of Test Compound

The cells were washed and incubated for 40 hours in the presence of thetest compound (final concentration was 10⁻⁷M or 10⁻⁶M)

5) Measurement of the Level of Reporter Gene Expression

The culture medium was removed and the cells were washed with PBS twice.A solubilizing buffer (100 μL/well) containing 25 mM Tris-PO₄ (pH 7.8),15% v/v glycerol, 2% CHAPS, 1% Lecithin, 1% BSA, 4 mM EGTA (pH 8.0), 8mM MgCl₂, 1 mM DTT was added. After the incubation for 10 minutes atroom temperature, a portion (20 μL) of the solution was transferred intoa 96-well plate. Subsequently, 100 μL of luciferase substrate solution(Piccagene: available from Nippon Gene Co., Ltd.) was added, and aluminous intensity per one second (luciferase activity) was measuredusing a microluminoreader (Type MLR-100, Corona Electrics Co., Ltd.).Each luciferase activity was corrected by the transfection efficiencywhich was calculated from β-galactosidase activity. The assay method ofβ-galactosidase activity was as follows: A portion (50 μL) of thesolubilized sample was transferred into another 96-well plate; 100 μL ofONPG (2-nitrophenyl-β-galactopyranoside) solution was added andincubated for 5 minutes at room temperature. 50 μL of a reactionstopping solution (1M sodium carbonate solution) was added. Then theabsorbance at 414 nm was measured.

A relative PPAR activity was calculated as follows: 0% (luciferaseactivity of cells treated with DMSO (0.1%) alone), 100% (luciferaseactivity of cells treated with a control (PPARα: 10⁻⁴ M WY-165041,PPARγ: 10⁻⁵ M Rosiglitazone, PPARδ: 10⁻⁴ M L-165041)

II. Results

The results are shown in Table 8.

TABLE 8 α γ δ Example 1 76 10 84 Example 2 0 2 61 Example 3 0 5 101Example 4 11 12 86 Example 5 1 6 75 Example 6 0 6 73 Example 7 0 3 61Example 8 0 4 48 GW-2433 64 7 52 GW-501516 0 1 90

Relative activities for PPAR transactivation were shown.

Each value represents as % of control. Cells were cultured in thepresence of compounds at 10⁻⁷ M except Example 1 (10⁻⁶ M).

Positive Control:

α: 10⁻⁴ M WY-14643

γ: 10⁻⁵ M Rosiglitazone

δ: 10⁻⁴ M L-165041

It is clear that the compounds of Examples have PPARδ transactivationactivity similar to or more potent than L-165041.

Example 52 Pharmacological Tests 2

PPAR transactivation activities of the compounds of Examples 9-50 wereassayed in the same manner as described in Example 51. The results areshown in Table 9.

TABLE 9 Test compound α γ δ Example 9 (0) (4) (84) Example 10 0 1 67Example 11 0 1 56 Example 12 75  31  45 Example 13 63  17  62 Example 140 0 42 Example 15 (NT) (NT) (58) Example 16 62  3 57 Example 17 NT NT(90) Example 18 0 1 70 Example 19 0 2 86 Example 20 NT NT (72) Example21 NT NT (62) Example 22 0 0 52 Example 23 NT NT (93) Example 24 0 0 75Example 25 NT NT 61 Example 26 NT NT 18 Example 27 NT NT 37 Example 28 0NT 21 Example 29 NT NT 27 Example 30 (85)  (47)  (76) Example 31 NT NT51 Example 32 1 NT 14 Example 33 0 1 44 Example 34 5 3 66 Example 35 (0)(1) (71) Example 36 (14)  (5) (92) Example 37 NT NT (71) Example 38 (3)(9) (69) Example 39 NT NT (65) Example 40 (22)  (3) (72) Example 41 (5)(60)  NT Example 42 (68)  (55)  NT Example 43 3 5 42 Example 44 (0) (0)(38) Example 45 90  20  49 Example 46 (78)  (69)  (46) Example 47 0 0 57Example 48 (84)  (13)  (51) Example 49 0 2 56 Example 50 104  50  30

Relative activities for PPAR transactivation were shown.

Each value represents as % of control. Cells were cultured in thepresence of compounds at 10⁻⁷ M except the compounds that the values aregiven in parentheses (for example, Example 44 etc.). Those compoundswere assayed at 10⁻⁶ M.

NT or (NT) means “not tested”.

Positive Control:

α: 10⁻⁴ M WY-14643

γ: 10⁻⁵ M Rosiglitazone

δ: 10⁻⁴ M L-165041

It is clear from Table 9 that the compounds of Examples 9-50 have potentPPARδ transactivation activities. It is also clear from Tables 8 & 9that the compound of the formula (I) wherein R² is methyl (Example 44)is inferior in the PPARδ transactivation activity to the other compoundsof the formula (I) wherein R² is ethyl (Example 47 etc.), isopropyl(Example 3 etc.), or hexyl (Example 11 etc.). Therefore, the alkyl groupof R² preferably has two or more carbon atoms.

Example 53 Pharmacological Experiment 2

HDL Cholesterol Elevating Effect

I. Method

HDL cholesterol elevating effect was measured by using db/db mice, whichare hereditary obesity mice. The db/db mice (10 weeks old) were dividedinto groups based on serum HDL cholesterol levels. Each of the compoundsof the present invention (compounds synthesized in Examples 4 and 10)and GW-501516 was orally administered for one week twice daily. Mice ofthe control group (to which no agent was administered) were orally given1% methyl cellulose solution. After 16 hours from the finaladministration, blood sample was collected, and serum HDL cholesterollevel was measured. HDL cholesterol was separated by electrophoresis onagarose gels (Chol/Trig Combo, Helena Laboratories). Serum totalcholesterol levels were measured enzymatically using a kit (Pure Auto,Daiichi Chemicals) by an automatic analyzer (7060E type, Hitachi Ltd.).HDL cholesterol levels were calculated from total cholesterol levels andHDL cholesterol/total cholesterol ratios.

II. Results

Serum HDL cholesterol levels of experiments groups are shown in Table10. Each value represents as % of the control group.

TABLE 10 Dose Ratio of increasing HDL Test compound (mg/kg/b.i.d.)cholesterol (% to control) Example 4 10 176 Example 10 10 134 GW-50151610 149

As shown in Table 10, compounds of the present invention raised serumHDL cholesterol significantly. It is clear that they have potent HDLcholesterol elevating effect.

Therefore, the compounds of the invention are useful for the treatmentof dyslipidemia.

1. A compound of the formula (I):

or a salt thereof, wherein: R¹ is phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, thienyl,furyl, quinolyl or benzothienyl optionally substituted with C₁₋₈ alkyl,C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy having halogen, C₂₋₈alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro,amino, phenyl or pyridyl; R² is C₂₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen,C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, 3-7 membered cycloalkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having3-7 membered cycloalkyl or C₁₋₆ alkyl substituted with phenyl, naphtylor pyridyl, any of which is optionally substituted with C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈alkyl having halogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy having halogen, C₂₋₈alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro,amino, phenyl or pyridyl; A is sulfur; X is a C₁₋₈ alkylene chainoptionally substituted with C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkoxy or hydroxyl; Y isC(═O), C(═N—OR¹⁰), CH(OR¹¹), CH═CH, C≡C, or C(═CH₂), in which each ofR¹⁰ and R¹¹ is halogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl; each of R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is hydrogen,C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy havinghalogen, C₂₋₈ alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl,hydroxyl, nitro, amino, phenyl, or pyridyl; B is CH; Z is oxygen orsulfur; each of R⁶ and R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁₋₈ alkyl, or C₁₋₈ alkyl havinghalogen; and R⁸ is hydrogen or C₁₋₈ alkyl; provided that at least one ofR³, R⁴ and R⁵ is not hydrogen.
 2. The compound or salt thereof, asdefined in claim 1, wherein R¹ is pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, quinolyl,pyrimidyl, imidazolyl, indolyl, benzothienyl, benzofuranyl orbenzoimidazolyl optionally substituted with C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkylhaving halogen, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₁₋₈ alkoxy having 1-3 halogen atoms, C₂₋₈alkenyl, C₂₋₈ alkynyl, halogen, C₂₋₇ acyl, benzoyl, hydroxyl, nitro,amino, phenyl or pyridyl.
 3. The compound or salt thereof, as defined inclaim 1, wherein R² is C₂₋₈ alkyl or phenyl(C₁₋₆)alkyl.
 4. The compoundor salt thereof, as defined in claim 1, wherein R¹ is attached to the 2position of the 5-membered ring.
 5. The compound or salt thereof, asdefined in claim 1, wherein Y is C(═O).
 6. The compound or salt thereof,as defined in claim 1, wherein each of R³, R⁴ and R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁₋₈alkyl or C₁₋₈ alkyl having halogen.
 7. The compound or salt thereof, asdefined in claim 1, wherein Z is oxygen.
 8. The compound or saltthereof, as defined in claim 1, wherein each of R⁶ and R⁷ is hydrogen orC₁₋₄ alkyl.
 9. The compound or salt thereof, as defined in claim 1,wherein R⁸ is hydrogen.
 10. A pharmaceutical composition comprising acompound of claim 1 or a salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptableadditive.